Exemplar data collection templates
A Practical Guide to Using Time-and-Motion Methods to Monitor Compliance With Hand Hygiene Guidelines: Experience From Tanzanian Labor Wards
Study context:
“Good-quality evidence on hand hygiene compliance among birth attendants in low-resource labor wards is limited. The World Health Organization Hand Hygiene Observation Form is widely used for directly observing behaviors, but it does not support capturing complex patterns of behavior. [This study] developed the HANDS at Birth tool for direct observational studies of complex patterns of hand rubbing/washing, glove use, recontamination, and their determinants among birth attendants.”
Reference:
Gon G, Ali SM, Aunger R, Campbell OM, de Barra M, de Bruin M, Juma M, Nash S, Tajo A, Westbrook J, Woodd S, Graham WJ. A Practical Guide to Using Time-and-Motion Methods to Monitor Compliance With Hand Hygiene Guidelines: Experience From Tanzanian Labor Wards. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2020 Dec 23;8(4):827-837. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00221
The data collection template for this study was designed as follows:
Room (room where you are sitting)
- Labor room
- Antenatal rom
- Vaginal examination (VE) room
- Other room
Context (availability of equipment and in-charge presence)
- Drying materials available
- None
- Single use
- Soap available
- None
- At the sink
- Not near the sink
- Water available
- None
- Basin pour
- Tap in room
- Tap in next room
- Gloves available
- None
- In the room
- Alcohol handrub available
- None
- In the room
- In charge
- Yes
- No
Birth attendant (BA) status in room
- BA leaves
- BA enters
Woman
- 1
- 2
- other
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
Touched
- Macintosh/kanga (bed cover)
- With body fluids
- Clean
- Not clean
- Don’t know
- Equipment (for delivery)
- Sterile
- With body fluids
- After decontamination up to sterilization (any)
- Don’t know
- Other sterile/clean (e.g., cotton swabs)
- Body fluids–contaminated objects
- Carry away placenta
- Cloth for cleaning the bed
- Other
- Objects (other)
- Register, paper, or pen
- Bag
- Bin
- Patient bed
- Trolley
- Tap
- Phone
- Mop or other cleaning material
- Gloves pack
- Own body
- Other (unclean)
- Patient (woman or baby) (everything but inside legs and perineal area)
Delivery
- Delivery
- Normal
- Vacuum
- Kit
- Premade or collected prior to delivery
- Passed by colleague
- Made along the way
- Not seen
- Fast
- Yes
- No
- Workload
- Working alone
- 1 assistant
- 2+ assistants
- Complicated (if you suspect the woman is having a complication, unless it is obvious, confirm with BA first)
- No complications
- Breech delivery: comes out with the buttocks or feet
- Prolonged labor (ask BA): 12 hours for prima gravida, and 8 hours for multipara
- Hemorrhage (antenatal): excessive blood loss (>500 mL); confirm with BA
- Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (ask BA): high blood pressure (>140/90 on 2 occasions or >160/110) plus either 1+ protein on urine dip or cerebral/visual disturbance (e.g., severe headache/reduced conscious level/blurred vision); or seizure attributable to pre-eclampsia (confirm with BA)
- Baby floppy and blue
- Premature rupture of membrane: ask the BA
- Induction/augmentation: process to induce/speed up labor using drugs
- Other (e.g., fever)
- Not able to determine
Other procedures
- Vaginal examination
- Cord clamping and cutting
- Wiping/cleaning vagina
- Clean material
- Unclean material
- Not seen
- Other
- Catheter
- Manual removal of placenta
- Suturing
- Intravenous (IV) fluids (insertion or removal)
- IV blood line (insertion or removal)
- Breaking amniotic membranes
- Nasal suction (newborn)
- Episiotomy
- Newborn resuscitation—bag and mask
- Changing IV bag
- Adjusting IV line
- Vital signs
- Supporting breastfeeding
- Injection
- Wiping baby
- Cord traction
- Postdelivery exam (checking for tears)
Hand washing
- Duration
- 1–9 seconds
- ≥10 seconds
- Not seen
- Soap
- Yes
- No
- Not seen
- Behind fingers
- Yes
- No
- Not seen
Drying
- Single use
- Other
- Reusable
- Own gown
- Air
- Other
- Not seen
- None
Hand rubbing
- Duration
- 1–9 seconds
- ≥10 seconds
- Not seen
- Behind fingers
- Yes
- No
- Not seen
Gloves
- Action
- Add
- Remove
- Status
- One hand
- Both hands
- Bare hands